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WHAT IS PETROLEUM?
Petroleum is a fossil fuel found in oil deposits that lie beneath thousands of feet of sedimentary rock. It is often called crude oil or oil. Petroleum is our number one power source and we use it to do many things, such as power our cars and houses. Pertoleum is a nonrenewable energy source.
SPILLS?
An oil spill is when a large amout of oil is released into the environment (usually in the ocean) because of human interferance or man-made machinery. When oil is spilled on the surface of the ocean it can form a dark and shiny oil slick that lies on the top of the water. When oil is spilled from underwater it rises from where it is spilled in plumes, and looks like huge black clouds floating to the surface. Oil can turn the water and surrounding coastline black. It can also become thick or clumpy and turn into balls of oil called tarballs,. Oil is very difficult to clean out of the ocean and is also very destructive to the coastland and animals it comes in contact with.
HOW OIL ENTERS THE . ENVIRONMENT
There are many ways oil can enter the environment. It get get into the environment through tanker spills and other transportation accidents. It could get washed into the ocean by rain from roads highways. Oil can enter the environment through consumer use like discharge from boats. There could be an oil spill during mining. Oil also naturally seeps out of oil deposits into the ocean. Natural seeps account for 47% of the oil in the ocean. Since oil can enter the environment in so many different ways, millions of gallons of oil enter our oceans every year.
Petroleum is called a fossil fuel because it is made up of the remains of creatures that died milllions of years ago. When the animals died their bodies were covered by layers of sedimentary rock. Over time that the remains of the animals were burried deeper and deeper and now (millions of years later) the remains have been turned to oil and gas by the huge amout of pressure and heat that they experience.
Click on the whale to see a video about oil formation!
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