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HIPPOCAMPUS

by Greg Vandentillaart

Source: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hippocampus.png

The hippocampus is named after its likeness to a seahorse.

Source: http://www.bu.edu/synapse/2009/04/27/in-pursuit-of-memory/

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hippocampus.gif

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Hippocampus_and_seahorse_cropped.JPG

Damage to the hippocampus can result in anterograde amnesia; the inability to form or retain new memories.A person may lose the ability to remember new routes if the navigation area of the hippocampus is affected by stroke or injury. One of the first regions of an Alzheimer patient's brain to suffer damage is the hippocampus. Early symptoms include memory loss and disorientation.

genus Hippocampus

FUNCTION

The brain has a hippocampus in each cerebral hemisphere.

Source: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IKP6tBhM2T4

Henry Molaison had his hippocampus removed in an attempt to cure his epilepsy. After the surgery he was unable to form any new memories.

PATIENT H.M.

DAMAGE

Located in the temporal lobe, the hippocampus belongs to the limbic system and plays an important role in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory and spatial navigation [1].Experiences constantly flow through the hippocampus and some of them are encoded in memory through a process of long-term potentation. Thereafter, the hippocampus is involved in retrieving most types of memory. Declarative memories and facts you can bring to mind consciously are laid down and accessed by the hippocampus but are stored throughout the brain. When you recall an episode from your life, the hippocampus and the area around it are activated. During memory recall, the hippocampus is busy pulling together the various facets of the memory from widely distributed areas of the brain [2].

Source: http://www.news-medical.net/health/Hippocampus-What-is-the-Hippocampus.aspx

Source: http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/trouble-in-mind/201201/hm-the-man-no-memory

Source [2]: The Human Brain Book (pg.154 - 157)

Source [1]: http://www.news-medical.net/health/Hippocampus-What-is-the-Hippocampus.aspx

Source: http://www.neuronblog.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/07/Memory-hippocampus-brain-1-300x260.jpg