Chapter 2 quest

Elements and Isotopes

Macromolecules Formed by a process called Polymerization where monomers join to form polymoers.

Proteins can control reactions and regulate cell processes, form bones and muscle, transport substances in and out of cell, and can help to fight disease.

LipidsUsed to store energy and forms when glycerol combines with fatty acids. Three types of lipids Unsaturated, Saturated, and Polyunsaturated.

Carbohydrates Used as a made as a souce of energy. Consists of starches and sugars. Made from polysaccharides like glycogen, which also supplies energy.

Atoms and their make up.

The Nature of Matter

The Chemistry of Life

Atoms are the building block of all matter.

Forms by chemical combination of two or more elements.

Isotopes are elements that contain different amounts of neutrons.

Periodic Table of Elements

Chemical Compounds

Chemical Bonds

Protein Made up of Amino Acids and can be broken into four levels of organization.

Nucleic acids Stores and transmits genetic information.Individual monomers are called Nucleotides. Two types Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Van der Waals Forces Attraction thats develops between the oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules.

The Chemistry of Carbon Carbon has the ability to form millions of different large and complex structures.

Covalent Bonds Forms when electrons are shared between atoms.

Four groups of organic compounds

Ionic Bonds Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

Carbon Compounds

Chemical Reactions and Enzymes

Chemical Reactions Chemical reactions involve the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of new bonds in products.

Energy in Reactions Some chemical reactions release energy, and other reactions absorb energy.Reations require energy called activation energy.

Regulation of Enzyme ActivityCells regulate the activities of enzymes specifically the protein in cells.

Enzyme Action

The Enzyme-Substrate ComplexWhen the enzyme and substrate are bound together at the active site.

Enzymes Act as Catalysts which speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells.